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There are many different types of sewering options and treatment facilities, from <br /> large central plants to cluster systems. The smaller, clustered systems are typically <br /> used when the area in need of <br /> treatment is far away from a <br /> centralized system, or <br /> conventional sewering is <br /> undesirable. Because the flows <br /> are smaller, cluster systems <br /> . � remove less nitrogen than the <br /> ;xr .yry centralized system. <br /> aµµ What about Sewers? <br /> As with treatment systems, <br /> sewers are not one-size-fits-all. Today there are gravity systems, pressure sewers, <br /> and vacuum sewers. The key determinant in the kind of sewer an area needs is the <br /> size of the serviced area, topography, and the density of properties in the area. <br /> How do we choose a system? <br /> Most likely, there will not be one cost-effective system that will work for every <br /> neighborhood requiring treatment. Removal of nitrogen from our watersheds will rely <br /> on a combination of solutions, tailored to our neighborhoods and towns. Cape towns <br /> have been working with the State through the Massachusetts Estuaries Program and <br /> the University of Massachusetts to study the estuaries and determine the nitrogen <br /> loading levels necessary to restore and protect our coastal waters. The Towns are <br /> taking this information and are developing Comprehensive Water Resources <br /> Management Plans. These plans will establish goals for water quality and detail the <br /> options to achieve these goals. <br /> What about the costs? <br /> The cost of removing the nitrogen from our wastewater will <br /> involve both capital spending and ongoing operating and <br /> maintenance of whatever system or systems we build. <br /> For capital spending, the Commonwealth makes low-interest <br /> loans available from the Clean Water State Revolving Loan <br /> Program (called "SRF" for State Revolving Fund). Towns can <br /> also issue municipal bonds, in much the same way we pay for <br /> capital improvements in our schools. Inevitably, we will need to <br /> share this expense through our property taxes, betterment fees <br /> and user fees. <br /> tivww.CapeKeepers.coi�a <br />