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mid to late May; late summer in mid to late August, and late fall around Veteran's Day)totaling <br /> three lbs nitrogen per 1,000 sq. ft. High-visibility areas (e.g.,Town Hall,Main street parks)are <br /> fertilized with a single application a year(late spring) of one lb/1,000 sq. ft. <br /> Orleans (Source: Paul Fulcher, Parks and Beaches) <br /> Most municipal land is not fertilized in Orleans; only irrigated areas (i.e., fields and high- <br /> visibility areas) are fertilized. The Town of Orleans has been changing their fertilizer practices <br /> recently,with no fertilizer applied last year, and a switch to organic products this year. Please <br /> note that switching to organic nitrogen sources may not result in a direct decrease in nitrogen <br /> impact. This is dependent on the type of organic fertilizer used. <br /> Golf courses <br /> HW reviewed the Pleasant Bay Alliance's 2007 survey of turf areas and fertilizer application <br /> practices among three golf courses (i.e., Cape Cod National Golf Club, Captains Golf Course, <br /> Eastward Ho! Country Club) in the Pleasant Bay Watershed. HW then compared these loads to <br /> the MEP model assumptions for each of the three golf courses. Details of the estimate for each <br /> golf course are provided in Appendix B. Table 3 compares the applied nitrogen fertilizer load <br /> for 2004, 2005, and/or 2006 to the modeled load (please note that only 20%of that load is <br /> assumed to leach into the groundwater). It shows that for 2005 and 2006, actual nitrogen <br /> fertilizer applications were lower than estimated by the MEP Model for the Cape Cod National <br /> Golf Club,but that they are significantly higher for the Eastward Ho! Country Club. The <br /> differences for Eastward Ho! may be accounted for by the fact that more recent loadings were <br /> based on a more accurate and higher measurement of turf type area coverage than are included in <br /> the MEP model, as well as higher application rates for some turf types. <br /> HW also contacted the golf course superintendents of all three golf courses to verify that these <br /> fertilizer inputs are still current. HW was able to obtain recent(2009) fertilizer loads from <br /> Eastward Ho! Country Club and Captain's Golf Course,but not from the Cape Cod National <br /> Golf Club. These data are also reported in Table 3, and show that nitrogen loading from <br /> Captain's Golf Course has been recently significantly reduced(close to 40%). The Captain's <br /> Golf Course superintendent indicated that they have been able to reduce their fertilizer use <br /> significantly for all turf types by replacing urea with a slow release fertilizer. This has reduced <br /> their need to fertilize while maintaining a similar turf quality. <br /> Pleasant Bay Fertilizer Management Plan 5 Horsley Witten Group,Inc. <br /> Final Report December 2010 <br />